The table creation command requires:
- Name of the table
- Names of fields
- Definitions for each field
Syntax:
Here is generic SQL syntax to create a MySQL table:
CREATE TABLE table_name (column_name column_type);
Now, we will create following table in TUTORIALS database.
tutorials_tbl( tutorial_id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, tutorial_title VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, tutorial_author VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL, submission_date DATE, PRIMARY KEY ( tutorial_id ) );
Here few items need explanation:
- Field Attribute NOT NULL is being used because we do not want this field to be NULL. So if user will try to create a record with NULL value, then MySQL will raise an error.
- Field Attribute AUTO_INCREMENT tells MySQL to go ahead and add the next available number to the id field.
- Keyword PRIMARY KEY is used to define a column as primary key. You can use multiple columns separated by comma to define a primary key.
Creating Tables from Command Prompt:
This is easy to create a MySQL table from mysql> prompt. You will use SQL command CREATE TABLE to create a table.
Example:
Here is an example, which creates tutorials_tbl:
root@host# mysql -u root -p Enter password:******* mysql> use TUTORIALS; Database changed mysql> CREATE TABLE tutorials_tbl( -> tutorial_id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, -> tutorial_title VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, -> tutorial_author VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL, -> submission_date DATE, -> PRIMARY KEY ( tutorial_id ) -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec) mysql>
NOTE: MySQL does not terminate a command until you give a semicolon (;) at the end of SQL command.
Creating Tables Using PHP Script:
To create new table in any existing database you would need to use PHP function mysql_query(). You will pass its second argument with proper SQL command to create a table.
Example:
Here is an example to create a table using PHP script:
<html> <head> <title>Creating MySQL Tables</title> </head> <body> <?php $dbhost = 'localhost:3036'; $dbuser = 'root'; $dbpass = 'rootpassword'; $conn = mysql_connect($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpass); if(! $conn ) { die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error()); } echo 'Connected successfully<br />'; $sql = "CREATE TABLE tutorials_tbl( ". "tutorial_id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, ". "tutorial_title VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, ". "tutorial_author VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL, ". "submission_date DATE, ". "PRIMARY KEY ( tutorial_id )); "; mysql_select_db( 'TUTORIALS' ); $retval = mysql_query( $sql, $conn ); if(! $retval ) { die('Could not create table: ' . mysql_error()); } echo "Table created successfully\n"; mysql_close($conn); ?> </body> </html>
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